The Hidden Threat in Your Bathroom
Researchers are sounding the alarm over a new potential source of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), commonly known as ‘forever chemicals’: toilet paper. These chemicals, notorious for their persistence in the environment and potential health risks, have been detected in various consumer products, including cosmetics, cleansers, and now, toilet paper.
What Are PFAS?
PFAS are synthetic chemicals that provide stick, stain, and water resistance. They are found in a wide range of products, from firefighting foams to household items. Despite their widespread use, PFAS are suspected of contributing to numerous health issues, such as cancer, reduced immunity, and reproductive problems.
The Study Findings
A recent study by researchers at the University of Florida uncovered that toilet paper could be releasing PFAS into wastewater systems. The compound 6:2 diPAP was the most commonly detected PFAS in sewage sludge samples and was also prevalent in toilet paper sold in North America, South America, Africa, and Western Europe. This compound was estimated to contribute about 4% of the 6:2 diPAP in sewage in the United States and Canada, 35% in Sweden, and up to 89% in France.
Sources of PFAS in Toilet Paper
PFAS in toilet paper likely originate from the manufacturing process. Some paper manufacturers add PFAS when converting wood into pulp to prevent paper from sticking to machinery. Additionally, recycled toilet paper may incorporate fibers from materials containing PFAS. According to Timothy Townsend, a lead author of the study, these contaminants are most likely introduced during packaging and manufacturing.
Industry Response
The American Forest & Paper Association responded to the study by stating that PFAS, including 6:2 diPAP, are not used intentionally in the manufacture of toilet paper or other tissue products in the United States. They emphasized that the detected levels were consistent with environmental contamination and not the manufacturing process.
Health Implications of PFAS
PFAS exposure is linked to a wide range of health concerns. Craig Butt, PhD, of SCIEX, highlighted that PFAS have been associated with elevated cholesterol levels, liver damage, fertility issues, and cancer. Regulatory agencies are now imposing stricter limits on PFAS in drinking water and consumer products, but even minimal exposure can pose significant health risks.
Reducing PFAS Exposure
Dr. Scott Bartell from the University of California Irvine noted that traditional water treatment processes do not effectively remove PFAS. However, NSF-approved water filters using granular activated carbon can help reduce PFAS levels in drinking water. Despite this, the long-term environmental persistence of PFAS means that proactive measures to limit their use are crucial.
A Call for Action
The Natural Resources Defense Council advocates for discontinuing all non-essential uses of PFAS. Dr. Katie Pelch emphasized the need for comprehensive approaches to phase out PFAS and develop safer alternatives. The presence of PFAS in toilet paper underscores the broader issue of unintentional contamination from industrial uses.
Conclusion
The detection of PFAS in toilet paper highlights a concerning source of environmental and health risks. While the toilet paper industry denies intentional use of these chemicals, the persistence and widespread nature of PFAS call for stricter regulations and proactive measures to minimize exposure. By choosing products free from PFAS and using effective water filtration methods, consumers can take steps to protect their health and the environment.